Tuesday, May 26, 2020

The History of Safety Essay Topics Refuted

The History of Safety Essay Topics Refuted One of the greatest approaches to determine how to create critical thinking is to maintain an open mind. The very first thing that you should do in the practice of figuring out how to compose a book critique is to look at the type of book that you're working on. The simplest approach to set the kind of an essay is to realize the writer's point of view. There's no ideal solution on how best to compose an effective essay. The Debate Over Safety Essay Topics What the majority of individuals find difficult in writing essays become easy for you as you are aware about what to write about. Even when you're not likely to compose a paper about it, you may as well pick a topic from the list of persuasive essay topics above that for sure will be great for you. The majority of the folks have a tendency to run away from politics and thus the politics essays also, therefore it is quite important to grab the eye of the readers till the conclusion o f the essay and that would be much difficult I know. There are a number of good topics for illustration essays to pick from. Interview essays are written dependent on an interview, performed by the author. In the event the interview went well, it is going to be simple to compose an interview essay. If you wish to succeed, the very first thing you are to do is to select the appropriate topic for your essay. In reality, you will can create an excellent essay if you decide on its topic correctly. In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. If you're stuck on how best to compose an example essay, you can stick to a few easy measures to dig yourself out of the rut and compose an example essay that you're able to be pleased with. When everyone is completed, review and talk about the tips. As you finalize your topic choice, remember to settle on a process you've completed many occasions and you can explain to another person. There are scores and scores of various channels on the internet that dwell upon particular topics which may be joined to the creation of your essay. The very first thing anyone who loves writing does is to select a handy topic he or she's convenient with. So you don't actually wish to locate a topic! The topic is a guide on what things to write, and it can be completed in lots of ways. Your topic goes quite a ways to save lives. List three to five topics that you're interested in or would love to write about. Safety Essay Topics Features Don't be afraid to get some additional aid to produce your paper stick out! Now comes the procedure for planning the content, which can be carried out by writing down a quick outline of the human body section. The structure may also differ, but this is a distinct question to discuss. When you haven't already mastered the process, it is going to be tough to learn and compose all at one time. A Secret Weapon for Safety Essay Topics As a writer who's interested in an essay about child safety, there's a lot to chat about. You might discover that lots of the topics can be adapted to suit almost any sort of writing assignment. Some sample topics are given below. Taking into account that lots of p ersuasive essays concern controversial topics, before writing, you can want to sit down and think of what your opinion on the topic actually is. Essay writing is usually practiced is schools. Bear in mind your essay isn't a research paper, and therefore do not cover the top with documentation. Example essays concentrate on one key idea that you prove with different specific, convincing examples. Illustration essays are written in order to spell out study subjects and supply interesting and picturesque descriptions. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Safety Essay Topics Because a superb quality can only be reached with good physical and mental wellbeing and social well-being. Safety communication, thus, is an essential component that helps us keep aware and to avoid environment too. In health security topics, it is extremely simple to produce strong but nice child safety argumentative essay. Workplace safety is an idea, which ought to not be dismissed lightly and followed correctly. New Step by Step Roadmap for Safety Essay Topics Some individuals claim that the purpose of politics ought to be the pursuit of an i deal. They believe that in order to thrive, a society must put its own overall success before the well-being of its individual citizens. It is possible to pick distinctive topics of your choice that's targeted towards academic institutions and child safety at precisely the same moment. Some men and women think that universities should require every student to have a selection of courses away from the student's field of study.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

The Impact of Procrastination on College Students

I. INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Procrastination is the act or habit of putting tasks on hold. It is the unnecessary postponement of starting or finishing an undertaking, which eventually leads to distress (Solomon Rothblum, 1984). The intentional delay of due tasks is very common among students and lately, it has become prevalent in college settings (Rabin, Fogel Nutter-Upham, 2011). According to Semb, Glick and Spencer (1979), the level of procrastination increases as an individual stays longer in universities. It was stated by Ellis and Knaus (1977) that approximately, over 70% of college students engage in this activity. Undergraduates tend to start papers during the last minute; they fail to prioritize what should be accomplished first, and as a result, their academic performance is greatly affected. A detrimental effect on their studies leads to having poor grades and eventually, failure in class (Semb, et.al., 1979). Zeenath and Ocrullo (2012) indicated that university students procrastinate because of its affective consequences. External factors, such as peer influence and coping strategies, surrounding them also contribute to this. Furthermore, the way of teaching of the professors also affects the performance of the students toward the tasks given to them. Procrastination is the reason behind the poor academic performance and unhealthy lifestyle of the students. However, even if the individuals receive negative consequences, they still choose toShow MoreRelatedProcrastination And Its Effects On Students1300 Words   |  6 PagesEveryday students procrastinate. This is not something new, however. Procrastination is a behavior that started a long time ago. It is a phenomenon as old as the universe. Most students are seen procrastinating every day. Zarick Stonebraker (2009) conducted a survey among students. They wrote: As expected, the effects of procrastination are widespread. Only a single student claimed â€Å"never† to be affected by procrastination in any of the three categories and 42 percent admitted that they â€Å"usually†Read MoreStudent Procrastination852 Words   |  4 PagesComp 1 9 Nov. 2017 Student Procrastination   Ã‚  Ã‚   Is procrastination a student’s worst enemy? Statistics show that about eighty to ninety percent of college students procrastinate, and this causes problems when it comes to their line of study or coursework. Student procrastination can negatively impact their lives by causing stress, unhappiness, and a lazy work ethic; though, there can be solutions to this problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Procrastination is a well-known habit of a majority of students. This mindset, whetherRead MoreNegative Effects Of Procrastination On College Students1055 Words   |  5 PagesProcrastination is something we all must face in life. However, it effects college students the most. It is the practice of doing more pleasurable things in place of less pleasurable ones. For instance, being on the internet rather than typing a paper, shopping before paying your bills, or turning work in before the deadline. Therefore, you can kind of see how procrastination can affect college students academically, because younger students procrastinate the most. Procrastination has a negativeRead MoreThe Role Of Academic Performance On College Students999 Words   |  4 Pagescommon element they all share is that the student is passing or has passed their course. However, studies have shown that in American colleges grades have dropped progressively in recent years. College students depart from their institutions for different causes and poor academic performance is one of them. Rather it is being worked over time managing, losing interest in their learning priority, or distracting oneself over other non-educational wants, students will most likely fail themselves for losingRead MoreThe Effects Of Negative Habits On College1681 Words   |  7 PagesHabits in College Negative habits such as alcoholism, abuse of drugs, sleep deprivation, and procrastination impact minority students more than non-minority students. Many students go off to college every year and do not stay on track. They begin college with the best of intentions: go to class, excel, and eventually graduate. College is very fun, but it is also a time in your life where you have to learn what to put first, and what can wait for later. Some students such as minority students forgetRead MoreThe Negative Effect of Procrastination on College Students858 Words   |  4 PagesProcrastination is a tendency to postpone, put off, delay, reschedule, take a rain check on, put on ice, hold off, or to defer what is necessary to reach a particular goal.(Rogets 21st Century Thesaurus, Third Edition. Philip Lief Group 2009.) While attending College some students find it hard to juggle work, family, and friends. Leading most students down a dangerous path to procrastination; that negative impact aff ect students from their physical health, mental health, and social health. EveryoneRead MoreSelf Regulation And Self Regulatory Practices Essay1643 Words   |  7 Pagesarea is extremely important with regard to the college student population. Coming to college is a new experience and requires much adjustment. For most, this is the first time they are living on their own, not under their parent’s roof or supervision. They need to take care of themselves through cooking, cleaning, and balancing school work with recreational activities. School work in college is significantly more difficult than in high school. Students are required to internalize mass amounts of informationRead MoreTime Management And Its Impact On Students862 Words   |  4 PagesMany students find it hard to manage their time well; whether they are trying to juggle academic responsibilities such as just getting to classes, trying to keep up with the continuous demands of each class like studying, or with trying to complete multiple assignments that have to be completed before th e deadline. It can be onerous. Especially, in college, there are so many distractions: different clubs, sports, and other campus activities that you can participate in such LEAD helping the communityRead MoreThe Problem Of Academic Procrastination1370 Words   |  6 PagesAcademic procrastination Sultan Alqahtani Academic procrastination has quite often been a significant purpose behind poor academic performance particularly among students who are academically competent which is showed in a study done by Onwuegbuzie and Jiao (2000), where 95% of students take part in academic procrastination in a school level while around 61% hesitate at a graduate level. Notwithstanding students realizing that procrastination in academics leads to poor performance, students infrequentlyRead MoreProcrastination: Gateway To Failure Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesProcrastination: Gateway to Failure Procrastination in writing is very common and can result in a substantial loss of pretentiously valuable time. There are many reasons that explain why people procrastinate but these reasons are not always the same from one individual to another. A wide variety of psychological aspects result in procrastination, one of which is anxiety. Everyone

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Gun Rights and Freedom Essay - 2292 Words

I have had guns in my life since I was young. I served eight years in the military, and have shot in competitions for many years. I also love the outdoors, and enjoy the ability to put food on the table that is natural. I think the reasons for keeping the right to bear arms are so important that if the American people lost that right; it would mean life changes that many would be unwilling to make. The Bill of Rights are a set of laws, which includes the 2nd Amendment, which helps secure the publics freedoms. The public needs to decide if this law is still an important part of the freedom this country enjoys. If the people do not protect this country and the way of life, who will? The public needs to take a close look at gun control†¦show more content†¦2).With 12.5 million hunters in the United States, it seems as though most families have a reason to support hunting rights in country. Safety is a top propriety; new younger hunters are now required to pass a gun hunting sa fety class. The safety class deals with such issues as proper handling of a firearm, and safety issues and how one must never point a gun at anything that the hunter does not want to kill.â€Å"The hunter education course instills in students the knowledge and skill to be a responsible and safe hunter. The basic course consists of 10 lessons during a minimum of 10 hours. Students learn how hunting accidents are caused and how they can be prevented. Hunter responsibility and safety are stressed throughout the classes, which consist of lectures, demonstrations, group discussions, practical exercises, and individual study and activity assignments† (Wisconsin department of natural resources, 2009, p.1). Hunting is also important to the economy of the country in 2006, [125 million hunters entered the woods spending $22.9 billion that would have not went into the economy without hunting. Total cost of hunting equipment for hunting was $10.7 Billion](â€Å"2006 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife-Associated Recreation,† 2006). Which would not have went to local business without hunting. Hunting is not just a pastime in the United States; it is big business â€Å"Americans use firearms to defend themselves from criminals at leastShow MoreRelatedThe Freedom Of Speech, And Gun Ownership Rights1665 Words   |  7 Pageshomosexual rights, freedom of speech, and gun ownership rights. The Democratic Party is seen to be liberal political party. Looking on my views I do believe to see myself as a more democratic thinker even though there are a few things that do line up with the republican side. With all three of these topics that we are talking about it really makes me realize what all the ups and the dons are with each of these topics. Gun ownership rights that democrats believe in is the individual s right to bearRead MoreGun Control Persuasive Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pagestopic in America right now is probably the issue regarding gun control. Hundreds of years ago, our Founding Fathers probably created the second amendment in order to give us the citizen the right to protect our own safety, but who would have thought that right has led to many heartbroken incidents, where numerous innocent people died as a result of a bad guy owning a gun. Along with most of us today, we still consider that the second amendment in the Bill of Rights guarantees our right to protect ourRead MoreGun Control And The American People1236 Words   |  5 PagesGun Control and the American People: Should Gun Control Measures Be Stricter? There have been many highly publicized gun-related incidents, such as the shooting at Sandy Hook Elementary School in 2012, that have renewed that call for even stricter gun control measures for both politicians and members of the media. The push for greater controls on firearms is bad policy with regards to the protection of our rights as U.S. citizens, our safety from those mean us harm, and the maintenance of an importantRead MoreThe Measure Of Concealed Weapons Onto College Campuses1005 Words   |  5 Pagescreated gun-free zones in primary and secondary schools. Around that same time many states passed laws prohibiting weapons on college campuses as well. (Lyons, 2017) In recent years there has been a stronger focus on college related shootings and deaths which has re-ignited the conversation regards concealed weapons on college campuses. The most prominent political value that is in conflict with itself is freedom. The 2nd Amendment of the United States Constitution grants citizens the right to bearRead MoreThe Controversy Over Gun Control852 Words   |  4 PagesIn the past few years Gun control has become a hot topic throughout America. With all the shootings going around the United States, we are faced with controversies over gun control. Americans believe that their government is going to do whatever is best for them, but is that true when they are trying to strip us of our rights that were created for us over 300 years ago. Our country has been thriving with the amendments and laws set before us, and today we are trying to change them. But by just changingRead MoreArgumentative Essay the Right to Bear Arms1159 Words   |  5 PagesRAMOS/ENGLISH 153 Right To Bear Arms Imagine waking up in the middle of the night to a complete stranger who is in your house, threatening to harm you, and your family, and you cannot do anything about it. Imagine, not being able to go target shooting or hunting, because there are laws passed to prevent you from owning a firearm. The truth is, more and more people in this country are trying to restrict law-abiding people from owning firearms due to the overwhelming rise in gun related crimesRead MoreModern Liberalism: Rousseau ´s Theory of Freedom894 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom is a difficult doctrine that takes part in politics. Philosophy emphasized entirely determined by public, particularly in sociology and economics. Liberty can clarify the distinction between negative and positive liberty, the following part of this essay covers two issues. Meanwhile, the second purpose in this essay is to explore the implication of negative and positive freedom on the relationship between the individual and the states which will utilize different real instance in the worldRead MoreEssay about The Second Amendment1632 Words   |  7 PagesState, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.† - Second Amendment. Throughout history, this sentence of twenty seven words has caused an intense debate. The polemic is that some people claim that a gun control policy is unconstitutional, while others disagree and even say it is necessary in order to reduce crime. Now, what does gun control mean? If it means to analyze who is responsible enough to own a gun by a â€Å"Universal Background Check†; that sounds right to everyoneRead MoreEssay on America Needs Gun Education, Not Gun Control Laws1735 Words   |  7 Pages Gun crime in America has become a big issue. We are barraged by news outlets with story after story showing the wide use of guns in horrific and tragic crimes. These crimes all too often end in single if not multiple deaths. Politicians and law makers ar e constantly trying to find ways to reduce these crimes and keep the public safe. Unfortunately their ideas or methods involve some measure meant at reducing or eliminating the public’s access to guns. This method only infringes on the basic andRead MoreA Well Regulated Militi The Founding Fathers And The Origins Of Gun Control1472 Words   |  6 PagesOrigins of Gun Control in America By Saul Cornell Introduction The Second Amendment remains one of the most controversial pieces of legislation in the contemporary America. The onset of the controversy regarding gun ownership rights can be traced back to the nineteenth century. Some of the major events that shaped the debate on gun ownership include Shay’s Rebellion and the dispute between federalists and anti-federalists. Slavery and the abolition movement also shaped the debate on gun ownership

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

Domination and Resistance of Culture Essay - 1282 Words

When people think about culture, we tend to think of art, literature. Possibly even the identity of a person through their language, common practices, rituals and traditions. According to Rivkin and Ryan (2004), culture is composed of domination and resistance (p. 1233). They also view subculture as having double connotation (p. 1259). In other words, culture and subculture has the power to rule over others or resist power and go against the flow respectively. In a capitalistic society, the ruling class has more power and resources over the working class. They generate their own ideas and values into the norm and are accepted by the working class/society. It works like a pyramid. Power is not distributed evenly to members in society. It is†¦show more content†¦So what really is culture? Culture is a style within a society that concludes all meanings of a social experience. The culture behind technology is influenced by domination and resistance. Owning the latest technology or any technology at all is useful, but we should limit ourselves to how much time we spend on it and what we use it for. Technology has advanced to new heights since its making. Imagine walking in down town with a two and a half pound device by your ear and all you can do is dial, talk and listen. That was the invention of the first personal mobile phone by Martin Cooper in 1973. The cell phone has come a long way since its introduction. It has now evolved into a pocket-sized computer, camera and apps regarding anything that a being can think of. Cars are now able to start by the press of a button. The purpose of computers was to solve serious number-crunching crisis for the government, but is now use for social media purposes and almost everything else. Electronics (technology) serves as a vehicle for communication and furthers our knowledge. People are now able to communicate via cameras on their phone in a press of a button. Technology helps to serve not only ordinary people in everyday situations, but also those who are in the armed forces in foreign countries. New and improved armory is safer than ever, and lessens the chance of fatality in warfare. Medically, it has proven its use in saving many lives. Organs are being replaced withShow MoreRelatedSnow By Orhan Pamuk : Final Paper1371 Words   |  6 PagesHande, and Teslime, resist the domination to defend their rights upon wearing the headscarves for the sake of practicing their religion, Islam. Based on what I read in Snow I feel like secularist‟s domination manifests itself into three forms: domination through policy-making, threat and derogation. Meanwhile, the Muslim women’s resistance manifests itself into two major forms: outward resistance, which is practiced through demonstration and insult, and inward resistance which is practice through suicideRead MoreThe Political Culture Of Reconstruction836 Words   |  4 PagesIn Gendered Strife and Confusion: The Political Culture of Reconstruction, Laura Edwards studied how gender, race, and class shaped not only the political terrain of the South during Reconstruction, but also its private and public foundations. Edwards viewed the Southern household during this period as a â€Å"highly contested political issue.† Following the war, changes swept southern society regarding how households were defined, who were the heads of those households, and what rights these heads andRead MoreThe Ideas, Meanings, A nd Power Dynamics1303 Words   |  6 Pagesgrandmothers had found out about them, they put them on, initially embarrassing the girls, then threatened to show men. Humiliation and scolding, along with education of their religion, are the methods they use to teach the younger people about the culture. The main meaning of veiling in Veiled Sentiments is much less focused on sexuality, and more focused on family, respect, and status. In Veiled Sentiments, it is stated that, â€Å"Awlad ‘Ali view it [veiling] as an act undertaken by women to expressRead MoreThe Works Of Richard Robbins : Global Problem And The Culture Of Capitalism1268 Words   |  6 PagesThe works of Richard Robbins, Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism, and Allan Johnson, Privilege, Power, and Difference, address privilege, inequality, and capitalism through sociological and historical references. Through reading and analyzing these works along with our class lectures it has become apparent that th ere is a clear relationship between these systems. Capitalism causes and enforces systems of inequality and privilege. Capitalism is able to do this through the construct of socialRead MoreThe Impact Of Colonization On The Indigenous People Of Rhodesia Nervous Conditions 1711 Words   |  7 Pagessignificant issue that emerges in the native community is a disruption of identity resulting from an influx of colonial European ideals. As a result of colonization, the native identity is subjected to threats of marginalization by the invasion and domination of European cultural practices and language. The detrimental impact of colonization on the indigenous people of Rhodesia in Nervous Conditions is illustrated by the dominance of the British Empires colonial European identity, which is perpetuatedRead MorePersonal Views On Anthropology And Ethnography1445 Words   |  6 Pageslittle experience with other groups or peoples until I got older and began to travel. I love travelling, and, as I have visited numerous states, Canada, Mexico, the Bahamas, and Europe, my understanding has grown immensely. My love for history and culture has only expanded and it grew easier to see things without the moral outline I had when I was younger to compare against. Post-modernism, a cultural phenomenon occurring before my birth, set in motion a series of adjustments in cultural anthropologyRead MoreAssess the Impact of the War on Civilians in Territories Occupied by Japan in South-East Asia.1180 Words   |  5 Pagesof occupied territories in South East Asia. The Japanese intended the Greater East Asian Co Prosperity Sphere (GEACPS) to be a united zone of mutual co-operation promoting economic development, social and political freedom from western imperial domination. However, the reality of the GEACPS was really a facade and a mere justification for Japanese military expansion. This had a detrimental economic, social and political effect on the civilians of South East Asia. As the war progressed economies becameRead MorePower In The Community Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pagesreadings on authority and subjectivity. This reading set is particularly interesting due to the deep unexplored space between the binary of authority and subjectivity. Sco tt R Hudson explores this idea through Built space and bad subjects, Domination and resistance at Monte Alban, Oaxaca, Mexico. A key note here is in the mention of â€Å"bad subjects† in the title, Hudson challenges the static identity frequently pinned on commoners. Hudson argues that even the less powerful played active roles in theirRead MoreConstitutionalism And Human Rights : A Troubled Continent Of Contested Conceptions Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pages But constitutionalism is not all about governance; it also provides contested sites for ideas and practices concerning justice, rights, development, and individual| associational autonomy. Constitutionalism provides narratives of both rule and resistance. Constitutionalism typically evokes the device of written constitutions; but the texts of the constitution do not always illuminate, much less exhaust, the context of political and social action. Indeed, constitutionalism interrogates the notionRead MoreOppression Against Women Is Laden Throughout Monica Ali s `` Brick Lane ``1548 Words   |  7 Pagescharacters, is a victim of some type of oppression, with the most common being patriarchal oppression. The women are mainly dominated by male figures, but limited by their culture and society as well; however, this does not imply the women are accepting of their situations. Instead, the women in Brick Lane practice different forms of resistance against their male oppressors. According to Donald E. Hall in Literary and Cultural Theory: From Basic Principles to Advanced Applications, â€Å"women have resisted and

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Origins Of Schizophrenia, And Greek And Latin Texts Essay

Introduction History. Some of the earliest evidence of schizophrenia were seen in the Bible, and Greek and Latin texts. In the Bible, people were accused of being demonically possessed or holy based on the visions they saw (if visions involved Jesus). In Greek mythology, individuals were said to be punished by the Gods of they had symptoms of schizophrenia. Between years 1450-1830 in Europe, and North and South America, people were accused of being witches; similarly, in France, people were thought to have reverted to beasts. Most early treatments ranged from exposure to music and philosophy to torture and killings. However, in Egypt, schizophrenia was seen as a disease of the heart and uterus caused by pus, poop, or demons. While the Egyptians were incorrect in their diagnosis of the root cause of schizophrenia, at least they treated it as a medical issue. While there was confirmation of the existence of schizophrenia, the prevalence was never noted because of stigmas and how diffic ult it was to diagnose. Many symptoms could be confused with symptoms of drunkenness, drug usage, and even other Major Depressive Disorders. It was not until the late 1800s and mid 1900s that Schizophrenia was adequately addressed. Emil Kaepelin in 1899 called Schizophrenia â€Å"Dementia praecox† and defined three main criteria: (1) cognitive deficit, (2) motor dysfunction, and (3) terminal state of deterioration. In 1920, Eutene Bleuler began calling the illness â€Å"Schizophrenia† and added basicShow MoreRelatedIdentity And The Search For The Self Among The Sub Continental Diaspora10173 Words   |  41 PagesThe Self among the sub-continental Diaspora in Britain Identity has always been a problematic area of interrogation epistemologically, existentially and politically and it continues to propel our thought. Etymologically, the term is derived from Latin word ‘Idem’ meaning ‘same’ (Oxford Online Dictionary) which means ‘specific quality or condition of being a specific person or an object†. A person’s identity is determined in terms of his/her inherited traditions, particularly the inherited religionRead MoreEssay on A Philosophy of the Impersonal5155 Words   |  21 Pagesthan today do human rights, beginning with the right to live, seem so utterly denied. No right more so than the right to live seems contradicted by the millions of victims who die because of hunger, sickness, and war. How is this possible? Whats the origin of this drift in meaning of person that is taking place today when the normative reference to the value of the person is being affirmed in all languages and its flag raised high? One could respond, as often happens, that the reason is only becauseRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSlowik Art Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville

An Introduction to Native American Literature - 1015 Words

AN INTRODUCTION TO NATIVE AMERICAN LITERATURE Native American literatures embrace the memories of creation stories, the tragic wisdom of native ceremonies, trickster narratives, and the outcome of chance and other occurrences in the most diverse cultures in the world. These distinctive literatures, eminent in both oral performances and in the imagination of written narratives, cannot be discovered in reductive social science translations or altogether understood in the historical constructions of culture in one common name. (Vizenor 1) Since the end of the 15th century, the migration of Europeans to America, and their importation of Africans as slaves, has led to centuries of conflict and adjustment between Old and New World societies.†¦show more content†¦But they found the means to engage with their detractors by authoring their own accounts of Indians that challenged stereotypical beliefs, demanded equal political rights, and proved that Indians were neither disappearing nor silent. Native American authors have faithfully presented some of these issues of inherent native rights, the duplicities of federal policies, and the burdens of racial identities in their short stories and novels. Wynema by Sophia Alice Callahan published in 1891, was the first novel attributed to a Native American author. Callahan, who was a mixedblood Creek, was aware of tribal issues at the time and therefore devoted most of her novel to native issues. Since then many novels by distinguished Native American authors have been published. One of the most important writers among Native Americans in the 1930’s was D’Arcy McNickle, a member of the Flathead tribe of Montana. His first novel The Surrounded was published in 1936, two years after the Indian Reorganization Act was passed near the end of the Depression in the United States. His novel is the poignant story of a mix-breed family and the tragedy of their exclusion from both the red and the white worlds. Because of cultural misunderstandings, which begin between the Indian mother and Spanish father, suspicion, fear, and finally death take their children. The novel is a history of alienation.Show MoreRelatedNative American Sto rytelling Lit Paper1214 Words   |  5 PagesNative American Storytelling November 12, 2012 ENG/301 Native American Storytelling Native American literature is the root of cultural storytelling, which is told through oral tradition, this consist of stories and songs verbally. Native American literature use literary conventions in the root of myth and symbolic examples in storytelling. The book â€Å"Native American Literature: A Brief Introduction and Anthology† gives good insight into the Native American ways of life and how storytelling isRead MoreEssay on Ethnic Literature959 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican Literature Paper Randy Hale University of Phoenix ENG.301 American Ethic Literature Michael Cromwell December 24, 2012 American Ethic Literature Paper What makes American literature American? American literature is just that American literature. American literature is stories of people lives that are based on American standards. Early American standards where based around slavery and oppression but now they are based on freedoms like freedom of speech and press. America hasRead More The Presentation of Native Americans In Childrens Literature1615 Words   |  7 PagesThe Presentation of Native Americans In Childrens Literature In the 1970s the seed of change began to grow in childrens literature. Because American Indians and knowledgeable cultural anthropologists became authors of childrens books, Native American people and culture is now being seen in a more true and distinguishing light. Literature is immensely important when it comes to learning. There are four areas of development that literature takes a huge part in. The first area is languageRead MoreNative American Folklore As Mythology Essay1066 Words   |  5 PagesDuring the creation of Native American myths, â€Å"there was much in the way of free-range food, but hunting wasnt as easy as getting up in the morning, taking a stroll and shooting a few passing bison with your bow† (Godchecker). Times were tough, â€Å"even Plains societies who lived off the prolific buffalo fell under the threat of starvation at times† (Godchecker). Finally, â€Å"when herds were found, the people were grateful and thanked the Gods profusely† (Godchecker). In Native American myths, â€Å"animals hadRead MoreNo One Hears Words on a Page: The Native American Oral Tradition1021 Words   |  5 Pages The impact of contemporary Native American authors is not diminished by the fact they fail to fully transcribe tales of the oral tradition into an equally successful literary story. The basic elements of the oral tradition are technically adhere d to but the interaction between audience and the teller is absent. The lack of personal interaction with the histories and ethical tales changes the culture of Native Americans. Literary stories are generally published for public consumption. The publicRead MoreThe Culture Of Latin America Essay1630 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction and Background The culture of Latin America is multi-faceted and rich. More than 300 million Spanish speakers reside in Latin America and are spread across a vast geographic region; this makes it tough at times to explain Latin American culture. Though, there are some living standards and ways of observing life which is in common all over the majority of the area. Latin America comprises of 21 main countries. Major languages spoken in Latin America are French, Portuguese, and SpanishRead More Comparing Black Elk Speaks and The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fist Fight in Heaven1679 Words   |  7 Pagesin Heaven      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Traditionally, Native American Literature has been an oral genre. Although Native American Literature was the first American literature created, it has been the last to be recognized -and, to some extent, is still waiting for full recognition (www.usc.edu). With the Indian being forced to assimilate, their literature was forced to take on a written form. Although the traditional way of storytelling has changed, Native American Literature has survived. In its written form, itRead MoreThe Native American Trickster Tales: a Different Kind of Hoax941 Words   |  4 PagesThe Native American Trickster Tales: A Different Kind of Hoax The differences in each of the Native American Trickster Tales. Trickster Tales may be humorous because of all the chaos the Trickster causes, but the Trickster helps cultures in many ways. These tales entertain as well as teach valuable life lessons to the reader or listener. Trickster Tales are very diverse, and the Trickster character changes, depending on the region the tale comes from. 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California Pizza Kitchen Free Essays

CALIFORNIA PIZZA KITCHEN TUI University Instructor: MGT599 Module 1 Case Study The purpose of this report is to identify and give feedback on the company’s current mission and vision statements as well as its values and goals as stated (or not) by the founders and management. The need to have a clear vision and a real mission statement is fundamental and vital for all businesses. The values that make the company what it is and the end state or goals that it wishes to achieve are equally important. We will write a custom essay sample on California Pizza Kitchen or any similar topic only for you Order Now In looking at these factors I will identify the following where possible: What is California Pizza Kitchen’s vision statement and is it relevant? What is CPK’s mission statement and is it effective? What are the values and short and long term goals and what is the company doing to clarify and refine them on a continuous basis? Hildy Gottleib of the Community-Driven Institute has an excellent way of differentiating and explaining what vision and mission statements are. She says the simplest way of doing it is using three little letters and they are â€Å"ARY. Used in this way, Vision and Mission look quite different and are much easier to understand. (Gottleib) She goes on to say that written in this way it is easy to understand that when someone is a visionary they are able to see what it is they want to do and as a missionary they are able to execute their vision. She used the analogy of Jesus. He was the visionary and his disciples were the missionaries. (Gottleib) A good majority of organizations have websites like CPK’s. On these websites most companies will give their mission statement if you will. This statement is important for many reasons. It is stated so that potential clients and or investors can learn what the company is about when it comes to business. This is what helps draw people to the business. When people have a clear understanding as to what a company does or wishes to do in regards to customer service, it causes them to take stock of the company and determine if the company is a right for their consumer needs. My research of the company shows that the company has no mission statement as of publication of this report. The closest mission statement (if one were to call it that) that I could potentially identify was â€Å"CPK’s strong brand awareness has been developed primarily through full service restaurants and through the expansion of our high quality fast-casual, CPK/ASAP concept†. (Smith) I believe another way of saying this is that it is California Pizza Kitchen’s mission to be a â€Å"leader in authentic California-style cuisine† (all the while) being widely known for diverse and innovative menu items. This is no clear mission statement as given by the company but rather this person’s interpretation. If you read their website you will not find much of anything except their personal story. Although this is nice, it tells neither the customer nor the potential investor anything as to what the company is striving towards in clear language. It does nothing to spark or draw interest to the company. California Pizza Kitchen has no clear or discernable mission statement and their vision statement is just as absent. On their company website is stated the founders intent but not their vision â€Å"Having always wanted to get into the restaurant business; they traded in their legal pads to serve hearth-baked pizzas. (California Pizza kithen) Their unspoken business vision was to create pizzas that were an interpretation or a culmination of food with an international flair on a global level. Their pizzas include such creations as a Jamaican Jerk, Thai, and shrimp pizza. This flair has served the company well. Although the company has gone through a rough patch while under the ownership of PepsiCo which nearly ran the business aground due to what some may say was an overly aggressive business model , the company is now back on track with the original founders put back in control of the company. This has allowed CPK to right itself and grow at a more realistic pace. The founders have been allowed to lead the company as they intended at the start and the brand name is flourishing. It is because of this vision that the company is again succeeding. So, it is fair to say that the company has a vision but that vision is shallow and has no clear long term ambition other than serving specialty pizza. I have made numerous inquiries both by email and phone calls to the main office and other places within the company to clearly state their values and goals. I finally received a reply from a Mr. Locksley who is a member of their marketing and relations department. My request to him was simple; tell me what you understand the company’s values and goals to be. He simply regurgitated in an email his company’s web page statement. This is not good. Either he is unable to clearly communicate the company’s values statement as well as their goals or, there are none. It is my findings that the company has no values or goals statements. The company is simply operating on a loose configuration of statements given on a webpage or in an employee handbook. The company touts respect, opportunity, communication, and kindness (R. O. C. K) for all just like all other companies but, there is nothing that I could locate in my search for the employees to get behind other than that. (California Pizza kithen) The company has not given its employees a set of values that all can get on the same page with or real sustenance and purpose. There is an employee handbook but it is more like a generic/vanilla document that covers employee benefits, requirements for uniform standards, and other HR issues. No wonder the employees have no clue. You can’t enforce company standards or values if you don’t ensure that all have access to them in order to read and comply. This is totally unsatisfactory. Goals, the company has no clear or identifiable set of goals in its current state. While under PepsiCo the company had a goal to grow at a stated pace over so many years, while under the current leadership they are focused solely on repairing the damage to the brand name caused by PepsiCo. This could be a goal of sorts but it does or says nothing to the effect of what the company’s future overall end state is. The company must look at its current situation and develop a set of goals that will enable it to better move forward and grow. Although the company will either continue to survive or eventually wither and fail, a good set of goals will enable everyone to work smarter and more effectively toward success. This aspect is of great importance to company shareholders in that it affects their profits. If the company can’t define a clear goal for the company in regards to profits then the stakeholders in the company suffer and will eventually sell out. Stakeholders want to make money as in any organization and if they don’t, they will revolt on management until it responds. Some things that I would recommend to the company in general are: 1. work aggressively to develop a short and long term vision for your company. 2. After you have your vision identified, develop a team of individuals to recognize your mission and then implement it by sending company leadership out to the employees to articulate it. Once everyone knows what it is the company wants it can begin to implement that vision by working to achieve it. . Take a consensus from across the entire work force in what it deems is or is appropriate values that you want the company to follow. This can be done by online employee surveys or management at each store location polling workers on site. You can gather results either way and decide on those values that are important to all workers at every level and exemplify the very best traits and characteristics of your busine ss. This will allow workers to feel good about where they work and give customers a more positive attitude about the business they are frequenting. . Develop a goal for your business. You can have a goal for employees in regards to customer service and one for the future growth and development of CPK franchises. Both will reap huge rewards for you business. I recommend that you place your vision, mission, values, and goals in high visibility locations throughout the organization. This allows everyone to read and understand what it is they are working towards. Place them in the company board room so that the CEO and board of directors can see it every time they meet. Use them as a gauge to see if the senior leaders are using them to make decisions which support your various statements. If their not then either replace them or hold them accountable for their failures by withholding bonuses or other perks. In conclusion, the company has no set vision, mission, or values statements. There are no clear and defined goals for the organization. The company must do the following in order to begin the process of changing: 1. Develop a vision statement in order to allow everyone to understand what it is the company wants or intends to do. 2. Develop a mission statement that supports that vision. Then, with the vision, begin to work aggressively to realize that vision. 3. Access your company as a whole and determine those values that will support your vision and mission from those that are within your employee base. Tweak and revise constantly in order to ensure that your company reflects the very best and important aspects of your employee base and that they genuinely feel like a part of the team effort. Your employees are your business and the most important part at that. Without them you are out of business. Hold management (CEO, Board of Directors) accountable in ensuring that they make decisions based off of various established statements. 4. Lastly, strongly impart to everyone what the overall goal(s) are for the organization and give them the tools and support to achieve it/them. The company must ensure that it effectively incorporates and uses the first three legs of the support (vision, mission, values) to realize the final result or goal. A goal is nothing without the latter three. With these recommendations you will find that the organization will function and flow far more efficiently than before. It will take determination and real effort on the part of California Pizza Kitchen to achieve the recommendations as laid out in this Summary. I thank you for your attention to this assessment summary. Works Cited California Pizza kithen. California Pizza Kitchen. November 2010. 30 November 2010 . Gottleib, Hildy. 3 Statements That Can Change the World: Mission/Vision/Values. 2007. Creating the Future. 28 November 2010 . Smith, Richard M. Rolling In Dough. 25th June 2007. Harmon Newsweek LLC. 30 November 2010 . How to cite California Pizza Kitchen, Papers California Pizza Kitchen Free Essays string(23) " rising input costs I\." The unique concept of designer pizzas with an unconventional menu flourished, and by 2007 there were 213 stores worldwide in seven countries. COP had various sources of revenue, including company owned restaurants, franchising and a partnership with Kraft foods to sell COP frozen pizzas in grocery stores. During 2007 the industry was experiencing high labor and food costs which put pressure on consumer spending. We will write a custom essay sample on California Pizza Kitchen or any similar topic only for you Order Now Despite this, COP still managed to show earnings growth and impressive financial results. Their quarterly profits were estimated at over $ 6 million. During June 2007, Cap’s share price declined by 10% to $22. 10. This caused the management team to consider repurchasing company shares, which required debt financing. COP avoided debt financing thus far; however, it had an available line of credit of $ 75 million at 6. 16% interest rate. The company was thus considering using leverage to grow its business. Success of COP can be facilitated by continuing with its differentiated products, menu development, managing its food and labor cost fluctuations, developing its franchise equines, developing its partnership with Kraft Foods, expanding to more locations and considering using debt as a means of financing. Leverage increases the ROE of a company, which is shown by the Du Pont analysis. Leverage affects cost of capital by reducing the weighted average cost of capital (â€Å"WAC†). This is further analyses using the Modeling and Miller (1958) (â€Å"MM) theory. An analysis of share price and number of shares that could be bought are examined by using three possible debt scenarios. By increasing debt, a higher share price and larger amount of shares to be repurchased is found. We discuss the how tax deductibility of interest can provide the levered firm with a tax shield or tax saving. We recommend a 20% debt to capital structure as well as share buy-back policy. We evaluate this recommendation under various capital structure theories. We evaluate a capital structure required to complete the expansion policy. PORTERS FIVE FORCES Threat of New Entry It is relatively easy opening up a restaurant. Initial capital is high but they could make use of leasing. Food and restaurant service is a simple concept that could easily be implemented. Threat of Entry is high. The Power of Suppliers There are a large variety of suppliers in the industry from where ingredients can be bought. The power of suppliers is low. The Power of Buyers As customers are mainly high net worth individuals, their sensitivity to price and macroeconomic conditions are low. Low income earners have been affected by increasing prices; therefore COP is dependent on their high income earning customers who are able to demand quality of product and service for the price they are willing to pay. The power of buyers is high. Threat of Substitutes As market conditions have declined, consumer spending has decreased. People have thus reduced their eating out expense and substituted it with home-cooked meals. Cap’s frozen pizzas by Kraft foods could be used as a substitute; however, that is only one line of product. The threat of substitutes is high. Rivalry among Existing Competitors The other competitors in the industry do not have the unique menu offerings that COP offers. There is thus no direct substitute for the specific menu options found at COP. Customers are thus more likely to go COP for a unique craved item at a lower average price than its upscale dining peers. Rivalry among existing competitors is owe. Based on the Porters Five Forces model above, we conclude that COP operates in an environment with relatively strong competitive forces. SOOT ANALYSIS Weaknesses Strengths Various sources of revenue Customers are largely high income earners affected as much by macroeconomic pressures Average menu prices lower than competitors Continuously developing menu Unique menu offerings-won’t be found at ASAP Restaurant concept-at airports, therefore creates awareness amongst foreigners Kraft Partnership-when consumers can’t afford eating out, they can still purchase COP products in grocery stores Industry is highly affected by inflation-eating out is first place consumers cut down on spending Does not appeal to low income earners Does not appeal to less adventurous consumers- do not sell any ‘normal ‘menu items Lack of geographic diversification-40% of company operated stores are located within California Opportunities 0 Opportunity to gain market share-lowest average price of all upscale dining peers 0 Expansion- currently financial performance unaffected by rising costs. Use this opportunity to expand whilst competitors are experiencing weakened performance and earnings Franchised Restaurants and frozen pizzas through Kraft Foods have the possibility of improving overall margins in the long run 0 Could market other products through Kraft foods Threats Less market competitors-targets broader range of customers 0 Industry challenges- rising costs of commodities could continue and start reducing spending of higher income earners as well QUESTION 1 In what ways can Susan Collins facilitate the success of COP? COP has maintained its competitive advantage and market share through sufficient differentiation. It has ensured cost leadership by competing on price and market differentiation by uniqueness of its product. In order to grow its market share and ensure success of the business, the following should be considered by Susan Collins: 1. Menu Development COP spends 50% of its marketing costs on menu development. Slow selling items are replaced with new items bi-annually. As their menu is the main attraction of customers, it is essential that they maintain a unique menu of items that are in demand. They should continue to do research and spend money on its development. Fortunately for COP, they are very reliant on word of mouth marketing and can thus save on marketing costs. 2. Maintenance of Unique Concept As economic conditions worsen and input costs rise, COP should continue to service its niche market with high quality ingredients and unconventional food offerings. This authenticity is what has made them successful and this will continue to separate them from its competitors. 3. Cost Control The firm is highly exposed to rising input costs I. You read "California Pizza Kitchen" in category "Papers" E. Food and labor. It is essential that they develop good supplier and customer relationships to maintain profit margins and competitive advantage. Food prices are very volatile due to inflation. Between 2003 to 2006, food, beverage ND paper supplies have increased by 54%. COP has managed to keep these costs to 24% of its total revenue. They should endeavourer to maintain competitive advantage through arrangements with suppliers. By large volume orders and timely payments of debt, they could aim to receive favorable discounts. Labor costs have also increased by 54% since 2003. Labor costs in 2006 have been 36% of total revenue. There has been an introduction of a new minimum wage, effective July 2007. This represents a 40% increase in the wage rate per hour. Cap’s labor costs will increase which will put pressure on its margins. As the employees have low skills and are easily able to switch Jobs, COP should attempt to motivate staff and create incentive programmer to ensure staff retention. They should also train staff to provide excellent service which will add to their competitive advantage. 4. Development of Franchise Business From 2003 to 2006, COP has maintained an approximate 1% of franchise sales to total sales. There is an opportunity to grow the franchise business. By growing its franchise, it will receive upfront income of between $50,000 and $65,000 per store opened. It will also receive royalty fees of 5% of gross sales. . Expansion to be more Geographically Diversified With its expansion plans, it should aim to spread out to a wider geographic location. Based on each locations success, it could open additional stores in that location in future. . Additional Product offerings through Kraft Foods Royalties from Kraft Foods also represent 1% of COP revenues. Currently, they only sell COP branded frozen pizzas in grocery stores. As COP has other products besides pizzas, the partnership with Kraft Foods should be extended to include other items on the menu. This could help alleviate cost increases when restaurant sales decrease s more consumers demand home cooked alte rnatives to save money. 7. Financing Up until 2006, COP has avoided debt financing. It does have an available line of credit of $ 75 million at a low interest rate of 6. 16%. The low interest rate environment and tangible assets available to secure any borrowing would indicate that it could be feasible to take on some debt to fund its expansion plans. The feasibility of taking on debt will be discussed in the next sections. 8. Stakeholder Theory An alternative series of actions that Susan may consider to facilitate the success of COP is to consider what is broadly titled: Stakeholder Theory. Stakeholder Theory postulates that firms should aim to maximize not only the wealth of the shareholders (shareholder view), but to consider all stakeholders associated with the firm. The definitions for stakeholders are broad and varied, but generally constitute those directly or indirectly affected by the operations of the firm, including but not limited to customers, suppliers, society, its owners, its management, and its employees. It has been recently argued that due consideration should be given to stakeholders, and not Just direct shareholder value. Under this theory it could be argued that by giving uh regard to its stakeholders, COP would be achieving greater success than it would if it pursued purely optimal financial performance as a goal. QUESTION 2 Using the scenarios in case Exhibit 9, what role does leverage play in affecting the return on equity (â€Å"ROE†) for COP? Leverage increases the ROE of COP (â€Å"the Company’). As shown in chart 1 below, scenarios with successive increases in the debt to equity ratio (â€Å"DIE†) from zero to 10. 0 percent, 20 percent and 30 percent increases the ROE respectively from 9. 0 percent to 9. Percent, 10. 2 percent and 11. 1 percent. Given that no operational hangers were assumed, total capital remained unchanged and the debt capital was merely used to repurchase equity, we can deduce that the sole explanation for the elevation in ROE was the injection of debt capital. The logic for this occurrence is explained via the DuPont decomposition of ROE as a product of financial leverage (â€Å"FL†), total asset turnover (â€Å"TAT†) and net profit margin (â€Å"NP): (1) Thus a company’s ROE with leverage (FL 1 implies leverage) will be greater than if it were not using any leverage. Considering the capital of a company as pizza, each slice represents how much of total investment is financed by a particular type of capital debt or equity); they postulate that the present value of future cash flows (total value) remains unchanged irrespective of the composition of total capital. Thus the capital structure is irrelevant because under these assumptions, investors will force equivalence between the values of levered and unleavened companies by exploiting price differentials to earn arbitrage profit. Adding leverage increases equity risk and return to equity holders but this increase in equity return is, in equilibrium, exactly offset by increases in associated equity discount rate; so that there is no change in total company value. Although this framework serves as a reasonable starting point for a discussion of capital structure, many of the assumptions are unrealistic and thus cannot be applied to the COP case under discussion. As a first practical modification, taxes are considered. MM demonstrate that in the presence of corporate taxes, the value of a levered company (FL) exceeds that of an unleavened company (IV) by an amount equal to the product of the tax rate and the value of debt (the tax shield). Since interest paid is tax deductible, leverage provides a tax shield (ad) that offers savings, to augment the value of the levered company: By implication, taxing authorities subsidies companies’ use of debt by making interest on debt tax deductible. This tax-modified proposition applies to COP. As shown in Tables 3, consistent increases in leverage increases the MBA by an amount equal to the debt tax shield. By implication, using 100% leverage can add up to $73 million to Cap’s value; whilst using up all the $75 million line of credit can add a tax shield of over $24 million to Cap’s value. Tax Shield 417885 7,332 14,664 439,881 21,996 Table 3: Tax Shield MM also propose that the cost of equity ( is a linear function of the company’s debt/equity ratio ( : ( Where = WAC; = Cost of Debt Thus with leverage and corporate taxes, the cost of equity exceeds WAC, and the value of a levered company discounted with WAC will be larger than an unleavened company; also explaining the rise in the value of COP as measured by price per share and PIE ratio under varying scenarios, as shown in Table 1. However, this ignores the financial risk leverage introduced into the company by increasing the probability of an occurrence of financial distress and bankruptcy, agency costs, transaction costs and information asymmetry. These factors influence abase the tax shield such that he use of leverage becomes, in practice, a balancing act between these factors on one hand, and tax savings from the use of debt. Indeed, whilst leverage increases value, it can also reduce what Rick Responded described as â€Å"staying power†. Other capital structure theories are discussed under question 4. Thus leverage positively impacts Cap’s value and reduces cost of capital as explained within DuPont and MM frameworks. QUESTION 3 Based on the analysis in case Exhibit 9, what is the anticipated share price under each scenario? How many shares will COP be likely to repurchase under each How to cite California Pizza Kitchen, Papers

Stalins Great Purges Essay Example For Students

Stalins Great Purges Essay Stalins Great PurgesStalins PurgesSoviet TerrorStalins great purges had a distressing significance during the 1930s. The purges, in effect, started on December 1, 1934 with the murder of Sergei Kirov, a Leningrad party leader. This act, in fact, helped shut ?Russias window to the West. These great purges brought on ugly results and severely menaced the Soviet Unions power and future. The purges were designed to expunge any threats of political resistance. ?An important aspect of all Soviet Purges has been elimination of those minor figures whose fate was sealed by the defeat of their prosecutors. ?Long before the assasination of Kirov in December 1934 Stalin managed by various political maneuvers and violent means to free himself from the control of the party masses. Stalin was born on December 21, 1879, in the village of Gori, Georgia. He was born to Vissarion and Yekaterina Dzhugashvili. His father Vissarion, was an unsuccessful cobbler who drank heavily and beat him. When Stalin w as seven, he caught smallpox, which marked him for life, and then he caught septicemia, which left his left arm slightly crippled. Stalin was one of four chilren to survive infancy. He lived a ?normal life in the 1920s, surrounded by many relatives who freely expressed their thoughts and had good personal friends among the leaders in Russia. However, in 1932, his life took a change for the worse, arguably, after the suicide of his second wife, Nadezhda Allililuyeva who left a letter incriminating him personally and politically. Stalins rise to power was a combination of his ability to manipulate situations and the failure of others to prevent him from taking power, especially Leon Trotsky. Trotsky did not take advantage of several opportunities in which would have helped him to eliminate Stalin politically. When he failed to take advantage of these opportunities, Stalin schemed himself into a stronger position within the party by allying with Zinoviev and Kamnev. He manipulated them into shattering Trotsky, thus eliminating the strongest opponent in his path to power. Stalin deftly avoided potential political ruin when Lenin formulated his Testament in December 1922. This Testament illustrated what his thoughts of the future of the Party leaders and the party itself; Especially Trotsky and Stalin. Lenin foreshadowed a division in which Stalin and Trotsky would be the main details. When describing Stalin, Lenin felt that he had an unlimited authority in his hands and whether he will always be capable of usin g that authority with sufficient caution. The makeup of Lenins Testament became more damaging to Trotsky than to Stalin. Stalin manipulated the content of the Testament to enhance his position. By mentioning Stalin as one of the prominent members of the Party, Lenin raised Stalins greatness to that of Trotsky. The equivalent stature of apparatusThe purges were set off on December 1, 1934 with the murder of Sergei Kirov. He was a member of the Politburo, leader of the Leningrad party and had substantial influence in the ruling elite. His concern for the workers in Leningrad earned him popularity. Stalin used his murder as a pretext for launching a broad purge that would claim hundreds of thousands of victims. No part of society was left out of danger by the purges. Anyone who caused the remotest suspicion was expunged and numerous legislatures were enacted to help enforce them. For example, a law that was passed in 1935 lowered the age for responsible criminal behavior. That meant the death penalty could be utilized on children as young as twelve. By 1933 Stalin and supporters were not satisfied with Russias progress and the purge trials. ?They indicted a whole group of industrailists who were alleged to have hindered technological advance. The terror is commonly thought to be the mode by which Stalin cinched his own personal power. Stalin did improve Russias industrial system, however, obviously had a negative effect on Russian society. Stalin used the Five Year Plans to make great strides in industrializing Russia. When he tried to equal that success with agricultural growth he met some resistance and ended up liquidating a class and causing famine. Socially, he gave some important soci al benefits to workers and gave women equal rights. But, he also tried to purge the country and eliminated a lot of the Party, most of the army, and a good part of the workers and peasants. Stalin made several industrial developments for his country but that does not even begin to negate the death and destruction that he caused. One achievement that Stalin made for the Soviet Union was the Five Year Plan. Russia was lagging behind the rest of the world in that they had not had a formal Industrial Revolution. Stalin estimated that Russia was 50-100 years behind more advanced countries. The First Five Year Plan was embraced in 1929. The purpose of this plan was to increase the countrys industrial production. The plan was a major success. It was reported that the industrial product increased 250 percent, steel production increased 300 percent, production of machinery and electrical equipment 157 percent, heavy metal increased 67 percent, coal output increased 89 percent, and consumer g oods increased about 73 percent After the success of the First Five Year Plan, the Seventeenth Party Congress embraced the Second Five Year Plan in 1934. Goals of the second plan were an expansion of machine tool production, overcome the absent steel and iron, the development and production of non-ferrous metals, and the improvement and railroad lines. Consider the treatment in any one text of spiritua Essay?The beginning of the great purge in 1936 was also marked by nationwide discussions of the Stalin Constitution-hailed as a landmark in Soviet Democracy. ?Soviet totalitarianism could now look back at the accomplishments of the first great purge. Stalins purges had a bittersweet effect on Russia. Stalins purges were good for some aspects of Russia, or were they not?Many that suffered from the purges were sent to labor camps or were simply executed by the secret police. Units of this secret police were ordered to arrest a certain percentage of the people in their districts. Graves were discovered in 1934 holding over 9,000 bodies of people killed around 1938 in the Ukraine. Since then mass burial sights have been discovered outside major cities. They were shot by NKVD, or the secret police. The people were shot from close range in the back and then pushed into a pit with many others. When one group was completely executed they were covered with sand. Some victims were not even dead when they were pushed into these pits. The purges during the 1930s initiated by Joseph Stalin brought enormous consequences in all sectors of the society and greatly endangered Soviet Unions sovereignty. The best estimate is that between ?ten and eleven million people perished under Soviet regime between 1926 and 1939, most of them from the Ukranian famine. Stalins purges created many wicked consequences, some that are still prevalent today. European History Essays

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Down to a Sunless Sea by Neil Gaiman free essay sample

Down to a Sunless Sea is short story written by Neil Gaiman and published in the British newspaper The Guardian on March 22nd 2013. Taking place in London, this story describes a rainy encounter on the banks of the Thames which unlocks a tale of loss and grief. The setting is London. Presumeably 18th or early 19th century based on how the Thames is described as extremely filthy and filled with the bodies of cats and dogs. Also the mention of the so-called mudlarks: people who scavenge in river mud for items of value. This term is especially used to describe those who scavenged this way in London during the late 18th and 19th centuries. So, on the docks of Rotherhithe a woman encounters you. She tells you the story of how her son left her to go explore the seas on a ship. The ship he gets on is hit by a storm and he is left on a rescue boat with eight men. As the inevitable hunger sets in, the men eat the boy and toss his remains in the sea. The ship’s mate, Jack – a former lover of the boy’s mother – manages to get a single bone from the boy, a bone which he brings to the mother when they finally reach land. The woman then informs Jack that the boy was in fact his own son. After hearing this, the ship mate fills his pockets with stones and walks into the sea, and thus killing himself. Most important for the short story is of course the woman, as she is the one doing the monologue and telling her story. Having lost her son, her husband and her lover to the sea, the woman is heart-broken. She does not care about the rain or anything else for that matter. She walks the docks, staring at the sea that has taken everything she loved. There is no description of how the woman looks. All we get is the sensation that she is completely and utterly broken and has nothing to live for. The author of the story also manages to merge you, the reader, into the story by making you the person the woman is telling her story to. This helps getting the reader more involved in the story. The language of the story is very descriptive, yet very superficial. Descriptions of essential things for the story like the constant rain, that really helps set the mood for the reader, and the extremely important monologue of the woman, is very well described. Descriptions of how the characters look are however left out completely. This style of writing is very typical for short stories. The focus is on describing the elements that are really important, and the reader therefore has to imagine by themselves the things that are left out. Most of the locations in the story are mentioned by their actual name, for example the Rotherhithe docks1, adding to the realism of the text and making it easier for people who know these places to visualise the story. Gaiman utilizes plenty of linguistic tools in his short story. Right off the bat in the first line, we are thrown into the first metaphor. â€Å"The Thames is a filthy beast: it winds through London like a snake, or a sea serpent.† This metaphor is obviously filled with negative connotations. â€Å"A filthy beast† sounds very dirty and unpleasant and the comparison between the river and a snake – an animal that has been frowned upon for millennia due to its role in the Bible. Also in the very last line, Gaiman throws in another metaphor: â€Å"†¦ and the water of the rain runs down your face like someone else’s tears.† Throughout her story, the woman refers to the sea as ‘cruel’ more than once. This last line could mean that the rain is the tears of the ocean. Raining is the ocean’s way of crying. Although it might not shed tears as it received the bones of the boy, it still shows regret by raining and crying later on. The last line could also mean that rain running down your face symbolizes the woman’s tears. She has cried so much and she is unable to cry anymore. By sharing her story, she has also shared her sorrow and grief. The language of the text is characterized by being rather sophisticated, yet also influenced by spoken language, as seen in line 12 on page 2: â€Å"And then she sees you. She sees you and she begins to talk, not to you, oh no, but to the grey water from the grey sky into the grey river.†, where we see repetitions in both the first and the last parts of the sentence. The narrator of Down to a Sunless Sea is an omniscient third-person narrator. He or she knows everything. For example in the beginning of page 2, where we are told that â€Å"†¦ there are no mudlarks over fifteen years of age.†. Knowledge like this wouldn’t be available to the normal person, but becausethe narrator is omniscient, he or she knows this. Another example is seen right below our first example. The woman walks the Rotherhide docks as she has done for years and decades – nobody knows many years, because nobody cares. The role of the narrator is to convey the story to the audience. Had the narrator of this story been a first-person narrator – something that could have been done very easily by removing the you and replacing it with a first-person narrator – it would have changed the very feel and mood of the story. Down to a Sunless Sea is quick and chilling read that does its job well. The ending, perhaps, left a little bit to be desired but also has its charm in that the reader has to interpret the open ending by him or herself. A short, eerily creepy and chilling to the bone read that benefits from its extremely descriptive language and clever use of interpreting the reader into the story.

Experience Essay free essay sample

What Is the Meaning of Verbal Communication? Verbal communication is an act of conveying messages, ideas, or feelings through the use of mouth. Verbal communication is the main way of communicating face-to-face. Among the key components of the verbal communication are words, sound, speaking, and language. 9 effective forms of Verbal Communication 1. Read more – Simply increasing what you read (business texts, novels, newspapers etc) can improve your vocabulary, help you express ideas clearly and eliminate weaknesses in your language skills. 2. Observe Responses Observe response to your message. What people are thinking is not always expressed verbally. Read people’s thoughts by watching their facial expressions, hand and foot gestures. Look at their eyes for signs of confusion, disagreement, disbelief, resistance or understanding. 3. Think about the words – Too many words will bore your listener, take up too much time and result in you losing credibility. There is no need to waffle! Remember not to use words that people don’t understand (they may not even tell you that they don’t understand what you are saying), as you may appear intimidating and make them feel inferior. 4. Prepare (if you can) – You would spend time planning what you would say if you were writing. You would also think about how to make it accessible to as many readers as possible. If you know of an approaching situation, take time out to think about the questions you may be asked and what answers you may need to give. If you are delivering a presentation, you should be prepared for awkward questions and situations where you may need to explain something in a different way. 5. Listen and be interested – Listening more and talking less means you will understand and bring your listener into the conversation. This helps them to trust you and make them feel that you really understand their needs. When they talk, be interested and show your interest. This will improve the rapport you are trying to build. Using note-taking skills like Mind Mapping can help you to take more effective and memorable notes. 6. Be aware of non-verbal communication traps – The impact of the words you say is only a small element of the communication you are giving. You should make sure that your words, their tone, the gestures you make, facial expressions and body language you use, are all relevant to your conversation. 7. Honesty is the best policy Promising something that is not possible will break down any trust that you have developed. Telling someone that you don’t know – but can find out is more positive than just trying to give an answer you hope is effective. 8. Show and seek some understanding – Look for understanding from your audience. It’s easier to back track at certain points in your conversation than revisit the whole conversation again – or you risk getting the wrong results because your audience did not understand! You can use this when delivering or receiving a message. Occasional summaries and confirmation questions can be extremely useful. 9. Think about perspectives – Think about what you are saying from the other persons perspective. Just because you understand what you mean, it doesn’t mean that they will. What Is the Meaning of Verbal Communication? Nonverbal communication is behaviour, other than spoken or written communication, that creates or represents meaning. In other words, it includes facial expressions, body movements, and gestures. Nonverbal communication is talking without speaking a word. It is very effective, maybe even more so than speech. Remember the saying, â€Å"Actions speak louder than words. † 10 effective forms of NonVerbal Communication 1. Pay Attention to Nonverbal Signals People can communicate information in numerous ways; so pay attention to things like eye contact, gestures, posture, body movements, and tone of voice. All of these signals can convey important information that isnt put into words. By paying closer attention to other peoples unspoken behaviors, you will improve your own ability to communicate nonverbally. 2. Look for Incongruent Behaviors If someones words do not match their nonverbal behaviors, you should pay careful attention. For example, someone might tell you they are happy while frowning and staring at the ground. Research has shown that when words fail to match up with nonverbal signals, people tend to ignore what has been said and focus instead on unspoken expressions of moods, thoughts, and emotions. 3. Concentrate on Your Tone of Voice When Speaking Your tone of voice can convey a wealth of information, ranging from enthusiasm to disinterest to anger. Start noticing how your tone of voice affects how others respond to you and try using tone of voice to emphasize ideas that you want to communicate. For example, if you want to show genuine interest in something, express your enthusiasm by using an animated tone of voice. 4. Use Good Eye Contact When people fail to look others in the eye, it can seem as if they are evading or trying to hide something. On the other hand, too much eye contact can seem confrontational or intimidating. While eye contact is an important part of communication, its important to remember that good eye contact does not mean staring fixedly into someones eyes. How can you tell how much eye contact is correct? Some communication experts recommend intervals of eye contact lasting four to five seconds. 5. Ask Questions about Nonverbal Signals If you are confused about another persons nonverbal signals, dont be afraid to ask questions. A good idea is to repeat back your interpretation of what has been said and ask for clarification. An example of this might be, So what you are saying is that 6. Use Signals to Make Communication More Effective and Meaningful Remember that verbal and nonverbal communication work together to convey a message. You can improve your spoken communication by using body language that reinforces and supports what you are saying. This can be especially useful when making presentations or when speaking to a large group of people. 7. Look at Signals as a Group A single gesture can mean any number of things, or maybe even nothing at all. The key to accurately reading nonverbal behavior is to look for groups of signals that reinforce a common point. If you place too much emphasis on just one signal out of many, you might come to an inaccurate conclusion about what a person is trying to communicate. 8. Consider Context When you are communicating with others, always consider the situation and the context in which the communication occurs. Some situations require more formal behaviors that might be interpreted very differently in any other setting. Consider whether or not nonverbal behaviors are appropriate for the context. If you are trying to improve your own nonverbal communication, concentrate on ways to make your signals match the level of formality necessitated by the situation. 9. Be Aware That Signals Can be Misread According to some, a firm handshake indicates a strong personality while a weak handshake is taken as a lack of fortitude. This example illustrates an important point about the possibility of misreading nonverbal signals. A limp handshake might actually indicate something else entirely, such as arthritis. Always remember to look for groups of behavior. A persons overall demeanor is far more telling than a single gesture viewed in isolation. 10. Practice, Practice, Practice Some people just seem to have a knack for using nonverbal communication effectively and correctly interpreting signals from others. These people are often described as being able to read people. In reality, you can build this skill by paying careful attention to nonverbal behavior and practicing different types of nonverbal communication with others. By noticing nonverbal behavior and practicing your own skills, you can dramatically improve your communication abilities.